Genetic testing, molecular diagnostics

Genetic testing and molecular biology diagnostics have made considerable progress in recent years and play an important role in the detection and treatment of diseases. DNA tests and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) tests are two common methods used in molecular biology diagnostics to identify genetic alterations and investigate molecular biomarkers.

Genetic testing allows doctors and researchers to analyse genetic information of an individual and identify possible disease risks. By examining the genetic code, certain genetic mutations associated with diseases such as cancer, cardiovascular disease and genetic disorders can be detected. This information can be used to develop individual treatment plans and take preventive measures to reduce the risk of disease.

Molecular biomarkers are specific molecules that indicate genetic changes or biological processes. They can serve as indicators of specific diseases and allow early diagnosis and monitoring of disease progression. Molecular biomarkers can be identified and analysed through genetic testing and molecular diagnostic methods, providing physicians with valuable information about a patient's health status.

DNA tests play a crucial role in molecular diagnostics. With this method, specific DNA sequences can be identified and analysed. DNA tests are often used to examine genetic changes associated with certain diseases. In addition, they enable the determination of lineages and the prediction of genetic characteristics such as hair colour or eye colour.

The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a technique widely used in DNA analysis. It enables the rapid amplification of specific DNA sequences, which allows for more accurate analysis and examination. PCR is widely used in forensic genetics, infectious disease diagnostics and prenatal diagnostics. This method has significantly improved the efficiency and accuracy of genetic testing.