Composite scaffolds with bioactive ions boost bone regeneration

The research team developed a three-dimensional, porous scaffold made from poly(lactic acid) (PLA) and gelatin fibers, reinforced with silica–strontium oxide (SiO₂–SrO) nanofibers. This combination was selected for its dual functionality: 

• Structural support for cell attachment and growth 

• Release of Si⁴⁺ and Sr²⁺ ions, which are known to promote osteogenesis (bone formation) and angiogenesis (blood vessel formation) 

Electrospinning technology was used to produce the scaffold, ensuring an interconnected porous structure for better cell migration and nutrient flow. 

In vitro tests demonstrated that the scaffold supported cell proliferation and migration, with the highest performance in the PG/SiO₂–SrO-2 group. Mechanical strength was also improved compared to control groups, making the scaffold suitable for clinical handling. 

In vivo studies using a rat calvarial defect model revealed significant bone regeneration within 12 weeks post-implantation. 

“The combination of SiO2and SrO fibers with the poly(lactic acid)-gelatin matrix offers a novel solution for enhancing bone regeneration. The scaffold not only promotes bone growth but also accelerates the formation of new blood vessels, making it a versatile material for clinical applications in bone repair,” says Dr. Yuan Xu. 

The scaffold’s properties make it a promising candidate for various orthopedic surgeries, treatment of bone fractures, and other applications in tissue regeneration. Its ability to promote both osteogenesis and angiogenesis also suggests potential in wound healing and other biomedical uses. 

By closely replicating the structure of natural bone tissue and releasing beneficial ions, this composite scaffold represents a significant step toward more effective and versatile materials in bone tissue engineering. 

MEDICA-tradefair.com; Source: Burns & Trauma