05.02.2024

Researchers at the University of Birmingham have unveiled an innovative diagnostic device for the rapid detection of traumatic brain injury (TBI). This groundbreaking technology employs a safe laser directed into the eye, offering a distinct approach to diagnosing TBI.

The device combines a class 1, CE marked, eye-safe laser with a Raman spectroscopy system, using light to analyze the biochemical and structural properties of molecules, revealing the presence and levels of known biomarkers associated with brain injury.

Image: Two people talking about a brain tomography image

The technique is expected to be developed into a hand-held device for use in the critical ‘golden hour’ after traumatic brain injury.

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Urgent need for timely TBI diagnosis

Traumatic brain injury is a significant global health concern and a leading cause of death. It occurs due to sudden head impact, ranging from mild to severe injury to the brain. Timely diagnosis and treatment are critical to prevent further irreversible damage. However, diagnosing TBI at the scene of the injury has been challenging. Current diagnostic methods, such as X-rays and MRI scans, are costly and time-consuming.

Innovative hand-held diagnostic device

Led by Professor Pola Goldberg Oppenheimer from the School of Chemical Engineering, the University of Birmingham research team designed and developed a handheld diagnostic device aimed at assessing TBI immediately after injury. This device offers several advantages:

Speed: It delivers rapid results, crucial in the "golden hour" following a traumatic brain injury.
Precision: The device provides precise information on the severity of the trauma.
Non-Invasive: It is non-invasive and comfortable for patients, causing no additional discomfort.
On-Site Use: The device is suitable for on-site use, making it valuable for assessing TBI in various scenarios, from roadside accidents to sports injuries.

The diagnostic device scans the back of the eye, where the optic nerve is located. The optic nerve carries biological information in the form of protein and lipid biomarkers closely linked to the brain's health. Even slight changes in these biomarkers can signal brain injury. TBI causes these biomarkers to shift, indicating a problem.

Promising research results

Previous studies have demonstrated the device's ability to accurately detect changes in animal brain and eye tissues related to various levels of brain injuries. It has proven capable of detecting even the subtlest alterations.

The research paper outlines the development, manufacturing, and optimization of a proof-of-concept prototype. This prototype was used to examine biochemical fingerprints of brain injury on the optic nerve, with promising results. Further evaluation, including clinical feasibility and efficacy studies, as well as patient acceptability, is on the horizon.

The researchers anticipate that this diagnostic device will evolve into portable technology suitable for point-of-care conditions. It aims to rapidly determine the presence and severity of TBI, facilitating appropriate and timely triage decisions.

MEDICA-tradefair.com; Source: University of Birmingham

More about the University of Birmingham at: www.birmingham.ac.uk