Low-cost biochip for rapid cancer detection developed at UTEP

Researchers from The University of Texas at El Paso (UTEP) have developed a low-cost, portable cancer detection device capable of identifying colorectal and prostate cancer within an hour. The device, led by Dr. Xiujun (James) Li, professor of chemistry and biochemistry, aims to improve access to early cancer diagnosis in resource-limited settings, including rural areas in the United States and developing countries where high cancer mortality rates are linked to diagnostic barriers. 

The biochip employs a microfluidic system that operates with minimal fluid samples. Blood samples are introduced onto a specialized paper in a "paper-in-polymer-pond" structure. This setup allows the paper to capture protein biomarkers related to cancer within minutes. Once captured, the paper changes color to indicate the presence of specific biomarkers, allowing medical professionals to quickly determine the type and progression of cancer. 

This system is both sensitive and affordable. According to Dr. Li, it costs only a few dollars and provides results without requiring sophisticated laboratory equipment, unlike conventional methods that can take up to 12 hours and rely on expensive instruments. 

The commonly used ELISA test for detecting cancer biomarkers requires complex, costly equipment and can take over 12 hours for results. Delays become even more pronounced in rural and underserved regions due to the need to transport samples to specialized labs. In contrast, UTEP’s biochip device delivers quick results without such costly equipment, which makes it suitable for point-of-care use in areas with limited medical infrastructure. 

Dr. Li explains, “Our new biochip device is low-cost – just a few dollars – and sensitive, which will make accurate disease diagnosis accessible to anyone, whether rich or poor. It is portable, rapid, and eliminates the need for specialized instruments.” 

Currently, the device targets biomarkers for colorectal and prostate cancers, though Dr. Li’s team believes it could eventually be adapted to detect a broader range of cancer types. Laboratory testing has shown that the biochip’s sensitivity is about 10 times higher than standard methods, detecting biomarkers at low levels typical of early-stage cancers. This high sensitivity enhances early detection, which is crucial for improving survival rates. 

Before widespread use, the device must undergo clinical trials and secure approval from the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Clinical validation may take several years, yet experts in the field view the biochip as a promising advancement in accessible cancer diagnostics. 

Dr. Li’s work has gained recognition for advancing point-of-care cancer diagnostics. According to Robert Kirken, dean of the College of Science at UTEP, “This makes it ideal for resource-limited settings, which will improve early diagnosis and lead to better cancer outcomes.” The device's portability and affordability could transform cancer diagnostics by making early detection feasible in regions where access to healthcare is limited. 

MEDICA-tradefair.com; Source: University of Texas at El Paso